Biological and bactericidal properties of Ag-doped bioactive glass in a natural extracellular matrix hydrogel with potential application in dentistry
, * These authors contribute equally as first authors. , § Co-equal senior authors. 1 Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
3 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh
4 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh
5 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh
6 Department of Otolaryngology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
7 Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
8 Center for Organogenesis, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
9 Center for Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
* These authors contributed equally as corresponding authors
§ These authors equally contributed to this paper
Abstract
The aim of this study was the fabrication and evaluation of a novel bioactive and bactericidal material, which could have applications in dentistry by supporting tissue regeneration and killing oral bacteria. Our hypothesis was that a new scaffold for pulp-dentin tissue engineering with enhanced antibacterial activity could be obtained by associating extracellular matrix derived from porcine bladder with an antibacterial bioactive glass. Our study combinesin vitroapproaches and ectopic implantation in scid mice. The novel material was fabricated by incorporating a sol-gel derived silver (Ag)-doped bioactive glass (BG) in a natural extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel in ratio 1:1 in weight % (Ag-BG/ECM). The biological properties of the Ag-BG/ECM were evaluated in culture with dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). In particular, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, stem cells markers profile, and cell differentiation potential were studied. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity againstStreptococcus mutansandLactobacillus caseiwas measured. Moreover, the capability of the material to enhance pulp/dentin regenerationin vivowas also evaluated. Our data show that Ag-BG/ECM significantly enhances DPSCs’ proliferation, it does not affect cell morphology and stem cells markers profile, protects cells from apoptosis, and enhancesin vitrocell differentiation and mineralisation potential as well asin vivodentin formation. Furthermore, Ag-BG/ECM strongly inhibitsS. mutansandL. caseigrowth suggesting that the new material has also anti-bacterial properties. This study provides foundation for future clinical applications in dentistry. It could potentially advance the currently available options of dental regenerative materials.
Keywords
- Ag-doped bioactive glass
- natural extracellular matrix hydrogel
- dental pulp stem cells
- biological properties
- antibacterial activity
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